These straight shoulderpads have a felt cover (top and bottom) and the core is made from foam and felt-like material.
The layers are stitched together and the top layer is loose on the armhole side of the pad, for sewing it into your garment. Use sleeve head fillings for a even better result. The thin ones are usually for jackets, the thick ones for coats. 

These shoulderpads have a front and a back. When you fold it in half there's one half longer than the other half. The longest side is the front.
There is a V on the shoulderpoint in the armhole and a little hole on the shoulderseam close to the neckline. That is the shoulderseam of the shoulderpad